government: parliamentary republic
state of civil and political rights: Free
constitution: 10 December 1996; entered into effect on 4 February 1997; amended many times, last in 2020
legal system: mixed legal system of Roman-Dutch civil law, English common law, and customary law; has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration
legislative system: bicameral parliament consisting of the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces
judicial system: Supreme Court of Appeals (consists of the court president, deputy president, and 21 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices and 9 judges); High Courts; Magistrates' Courts; labor courts; land claims courts
religion: Christian 86%, traditional African religions 5.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other 1.5%, nothing in particular 5.2% (2015 est.)
death row:
year of last executions: 0-0-0
death sentences: 0
executions: 0
international treaties on human rights and the death penalty:International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (aiming to the abolition of the death penalty)
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
situation:
