government: semi-presidential republic
state of civil and political rights: Free
constitution: 12 February 1992; amended 1999, 2000, 2019
legal system: civil law system influenced by Soviet and Romano-Germanic legal systems; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts; has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration
legislative system: unicameral State Great Hural (Ulsyn Ikh Khural)
judicial system: Supreme Court (consists of the Chief Justice and 24 judges organized into civil, criminal, and administrative chambers); Constitutional Court or Tsets (consists of the chairman and 8 members); aimag (provincial) and capital city appellate courts; soum, inter-soum, and district courts; Administrative Cases Courts
religion: Buddhist 51.7%, Muslim 3.2%, Shamanist 2.5%, Christian 1.3%, other 0.7%, none 40.6% (2020 est.)
death row: at least 9 (as of July 30, 2009)
year of last executions: 0-0-0
death sentences: 0
executions: 0
international treaties on human rights and the death penalty:International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (aiming to the abolition of the death penalty)
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
situation:
