government: presidential republic; authoritarian
state of civil and political rights: Not free
constitution: 14 September 2016; amended several times, last in 2023
legal system: civil law system with Islamic (sharia) law influences; has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration
legislative system: unicameral Assembly (Mejlis)
judicial system: Supreme Court of Turkmenistan (consists of the court president and 21 associate judges and organized into civil, criminal, and military chambers); High Commercial Court; appellate courts; provincial, district, and city courts; military courts
religion: Muslim 93%, Christian 6.4%, Buddhist <1%, folk religion <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified <1% (2020 est.)
death row:
year of last executions: 0-0-0
death sentences: 0
executions: 0
international treaties on human rights and the death penalty:
situation:
