government: parliamentary republic

state of civil and political rights: Free

constitution: 1 March 2000; amended several times, last in 2018

legal system: civil law system based on the Swedish model; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

legislative system: unicameral Parliament (Eduskunta)

judicial system: Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus (consists of the court president and 18 judges); Supreme Administrative Court (consists of 21 judges, including the court president and organized into 3 chambers); 6 Courts of Appeal; 8 regional administrative courts; 27 district courts; special courts for issues relating to markets, labor, insurance, impeachment, land, tenancy, and water rights

religion: Lutheran 66.6%, Greek Orthodox 1.1%, other 1.7%, none 30.6% (2021 est.)

death row:

year of last executions: 0-0-0

death sentences: 0

executions: 0